I read the paper. It is very interesting.
However, I strongly believe it doesn't apply to humans, for the following reason.
According to Sebastien Murat's research, the human lung collapses from the top down -- the throat/bronchi close, then (eventually) the alveoli would collapse.
In marine mammals, the opposite happens. The alveoli first collapse, then the bronchi collapse.
In the latter case, a passive exhale on the ascent would prevent gas exchange during the ascent.
In the human case, a passive exhale on the ascent would NOT prevent gas exchange during the ascent.
Further, even in the classic method of exhaling at the end of a dive, this would, even in theory, only prevent a reverse O2 transfer in the case of EXTREME hypoxia. If you are only slightly hypoxic, then exhaling at the end would be detrimental.
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Eric Fattah
Canada
http://www.liquivision.ca
"I encourage you to be free in the way you measure your success. I don’t claim to know what it will be like to be in your position, but I know that when you leave here, grades will be handed out differently. Your ability to gauge your success will largely depend on how you perceive it. You can shape it, set it up, feel it, and define it. Allow competition to turn inward. Do not depend on awards, money, or other validations." -Jonny Moseley
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