Like Pastor, I did not intend to get a carbon gun. Any weight difference is negligible in the water. Also, I quite a fan of aluminium - cheap, light, doesn't rust & modern alloys are quite strong. The one big advantage of carbon, for me, is the ability to mould it into optimum shapes - typified by the C4 designs. Although Omer have starting doing some innovative work with hydro-forming aluminium, which I am following with interest.
However, I recently bought an Omer XXV (hasn't everybody!), which has a simple carbon fibre tube barrel. So why did I buy it? Well, I had trouble sourcing the aluminum gun I was after (my first choice) and the clincher was the 25mm diameter barrel (most barrels are 28mm+) - that seemed like a difference which would improve performance. I was looking for a faster tracking, more agile, shorter gun. There are a some aluminium guns with 25mm aluminium barrels - Beuchat make one which is also quite cheap.
So why did I get the carbon one? Well I didn't know about the Beuchat until after I made the purchase. Anyway the Omer also had a slim new T10 handle & an innovative, versatile muzzle design that looked pretty interesting & a shorter than normal spear (which would again help tracking). Although not cheap, it was reasonably priced for current circumstances (more so a few months earlier when the exchange rate was better) - you tend to pay a premium for new models with new innovations. I was pleasantly surprised when it arrived (a common experience) -- it is so light. This is due to a combination of factors and the carbon barrel is probably a significant one (+ short, slim 6.3mm spear, no rail on mine, slim handle, no muzzle bungee/handle hardware/clips, slim barrel). I've yet to find out what difference this makes in the water but inertia & turning moment will be reduced. As a shore-based diver, I'll certainly appreciate the reduced weight & slimness/compactness on the longer walk-ins.
Actually it does look kind of cool -- but I wouldn't pay extra for that. They could use paint/transfers to make aluminium barrels look like that, or even cooler. Happily, carbon is pretty cheap these days and getting cheaper all the time.