They appear to be the bodies reaction to extreme compression of the chest. I agree that they involve more and different muscles than a normal contraction, not sure exactly what all. My first were on my first attempts at deeper diving. Somewhere around 80 ft full lung, my chest went nuts, crazy strong heave, I had do idea what was happening. After my body figured out that chest compression was ok, pressure contractions got less and less, pretty much gone now.
Pressure contractions are talked about so little, that I wonder whether all divers get them.
Marcin, would you define "mild hyperventilation"?
Chad, when I get a pressure contraction, dive is over, I immediately either come up a lot or inhale. Sometimes dry, I can feel just the start of a pressure contraction and can suppress it, not always.