To answer some questions posed above.
The "Black Sea" gun has been made in barrel lengths from as small as 50 cm up to 150 cm, the operating pressure is not constrained by the length of the gun. The gun is initially charged from an air cylinder as no hand-operated, tube type pumps reach 1,000 psi plus. As the gun is a "non-consumptive" design, it loses no air pressure during shooting. Loading is physically possible because you are using something like a hydraulic car lifting jack; multiple swings on the rear mounted lever move the large diameter annular piston that slides forwards in the air space between the inner barrel and the outer tank in progressive increments.
The longer model Aquatech guns are mainly export-oriented as not much need for them in their home waters. They are shown on
http://aquatech1.narod.ru/index1.html where the smallest external hydropump gun (rear lever model) currently on offer is the "Black Sea 1000x9", but they can build whatever size that you want, within reason. Check out the web-site, it has an English language version for most of the web-pages, you need to read them, that is what I did. It is not rocket science! There is a very good description there of how the guns work.
Any fish shot with them display the customary holes, you only use these guns where the situation requires it. I still have and use all my other guns as cycling the "Black Sea" gun for follow-up shots is slow, although you can opt to shoot with less power and hence less lever strokes. An interesting side feature is that it will shoot a shorter shaft than the standard one that came with the gun as the spear is not released when you pull the trigger, instead it unleashes the column of water that drives the shaft from the gun. The gun will need less water injected to propel a shorter shaft, so finisher shots could employ a second short shaft carried just for this purpose.
Shafts have a rear mounted "O" ring, that is what keeps them in the barrel. For that matter a short pencil tip shaft (no flopper, no line) could be fired for the full length of the gun provided you could shove it right down the barrel, sort of like an underwater bullet. You would not want to count on getting it back though!