What conflicting informasion?
Conger are susceptible to overfishing by spear fishermen because they are territorial.
It is all relative of course as the damage has already been done by commercial methods.
Offshore congers are caught by long lines, we still have one visiting Spanish long liner that comes to port every now & again just to make sure the congers dont really get a chance to recover :duh
Now that the potter's dont use the buoyant pot neck flaps, that so effectively caught the congers, they actually use mackerel to bait the pots.
Mackerel was never a suitable bait in the past because it attracted the congers who would get in the pot eat the bait & swim out again!
It was not until the potters started useing the flap system that they realised just how many conger were out there! So now they can use mackerel simply because there are so few conger left, they are no longer an issue!
The relatively small amount of inshore conger that are left can easily be thinned out by spearfishing the reefs, in times gone by you could take a conger from a prime hole & see another resident the next day but now there might only be a few of the hundreds of holes occupied on a whole reef.
Conger were in fact a prime eating fish during the early days of long sea travel. salted conger was in fact a staple diet of many sailors to such an extent there were numerous industries revolving around the capture, salting & barreling up the end product. Salt cod became more popular later in history.
I have watched many epic conger captures, there is a very effective technique used to spear, remove from hole & kill the fish on one breath.
The principal idea would be to first find a suitable fish then with a fresh breath dive down & spear the fish just behind the head, a good double barb 8mm spear is best fired from an air gun. The fish is removed & if it is a big one (over 30lb) then the feet are braces either side of the hole & the fish extracted in one deft motion.
Next the conger is passed under the divers legs so he straddles the fish between his thighs & then cuts the fish deep behind the neck to sever the spine, in fact it seems you just need to touch the spinal cord to immobilise the poor creature!
Of course most fish were killed for fun rather than food & a real big one over 50lb was a very impressive catch for many people!!
My elder brother Derek was well known for taking congers with a hand spear & I watched him take a 25lb fish once in pretty deep water on one occasion, I can remember this very well because I was only young, (maybe 12-13) as was made to carry the thing around for the rest of the dive! It seemed to come alive every now and again & scarred the s..t out of me LOL.
My mother was the chief fish filleter & cooker in our family & the conger was prepared in many ways ranging from delicious fried tiny pieces to disgusting steaks cooked in mike in the oven :yack
Probably the most vivid memories were the internationale spearfishing compertisions when you could see dozens of stinky, slimy, mutilated & very sad looking dead congers.
Anyhow I admit to shooting a few in my teens & killing a few more that were caught on rods but when my mum died there was no one else who would prepare & cook the things so I never killed another one.
I do see them quite often when hunting for lobsters, I see them in the same holes that we hunted them in 35 years ago.
It seems that there is a general view that the European conger eel is in decline and no views specifically pointing to spear fishing as having an effect?